Nothing really makes a good analogy that I have read.
Malazan's hundreds of thousands of years (+) of history makes TSA few thousand seem paltry. The sheer volume of characters and plots in Malazan is also way over what you get in TSA. That said, for some reason they give me similar vibes. Maybe because there is an enormous amount of unspoken information happening in the background that you only get to guess at until it comes to fruition. Its probably a close #2 to TSA for me, but they really aren't terribly similar .
I haven't done much reading of TSOIAF but GoT's politicking reminded me a bit of TDTCB in many ways. Sranc on the horizon and Sakarpus holding the wall against them, etc. There are some analogies to be found there.
Recently I read The Name of the Wind, and the main character is all super-genius like Kellhus, and the magic system is fairly unique and some oblique analogies to the Gnosis, but the comparison really stops there and isn't particularly strong.
I dunno. Maybe I'm just not well read enough to answer this question, but TSA is something you must experience on its own to really describe it. If you're looking for something to read with the same flavor, you might try some of the above, but they are poor substitutes.
Others constantly mention Blood Meridian as analogous to TJE, though I haven't read it so can't say why or if I disagree.
Madness often mentions The Tyrants and Kings trilogy by John Marco as feeling similar (maybe), but I again haven't read so can't disagree or otherwise.
Not sure if this topic ever came up with anything but have a look through:
Sci Fi series as good as The Second Apocalypse?